All about various Crypto - Notes Draft
Why should you invest in Crypto
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EXqPw2pQ0aw
1) ************Various frameworks**************
1.1). ------------------------Block Chain based solutions/Products/Frameworks----------
Scalability Issues
Storage Issues
1.1.1) Bitcoin: BTC - Blockchain-based tech - POW - consumes a lot of energy -
Cons:- not sustainable.
As it has slow TPS, in its current state cannot act as a medium of exchange. you cant wait for 60 mins for the transaction to settle to buy a coffee
The same article on youtube - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NBZ-KxjTS1I
The above article is based on assumption that Bitcoin is a medium of exchange(That was the original Idea) and not a store of value.
As a medium of exchange Bitcoin will not survive but as a store of value?
A transaction fee is 7 USD per transaction as of Dec 2020 - thus not sustainable as a medium of exchange and not practical for microtransactions.
or
https://bitinfocharts.com/comparison/bitcoin-transactionfees.html
More views on Bitcoin
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=URrmfEu0cZ8
Pros: - **Store of Value**- only use case I can see -thus at max it's a threat to Gold which has a market cap of 6-7 Trillion dollars.
Tokenomics: Deflationary
1.1.2) Etherium : ETH - Ether 2.0 POS about to be released - Up your holdings
- Had ~25K nodes as of Sep 2019 with 15 TPS
- Eth 2.0 will have TPS of 100K
- Eth 2.0 will also have sharded block chain like Polkadot thus network bloat on one chain doesn't impact other chains
1.1.3) Ripple : XRP - built on Ether Block chain - Ripple tech(Not based of XRP) is already being used by 100+ banks/Corporate like Westren union/Money Gram
1.2) -----------------------Some variants of Block Chain------------
1.2.1 ) HoloChain - Hot : Different implementation of Block Chain, as fast as your local machine, fits certain use cases but not all use cases.
Agent centeric approach. Agent talks to main chain.
LISP and JAVA , CSS , HTML.
started in 2016,
1.2.2) Cardano: ADA : POS : Ourobouros System : Slot leaders select the miners.
- Hydra solution sits on top or Ourobours POS system : 1M+ TPS (considering all nodes)
- currently 50 to 250 TPS, with side chain 5000 TPS
- Scale-able : TPS, Storage may be tackle later.
- Interoperable : Internet of Block Chains
- Sustainable : - Govt/Audit/traceability support by allowing users to add meta data about transaction. Also created a treasury which fund projects which have run out of money based on there proposal once approved by Voting system using various groups
- Open Source
- Support Smart Contracts
- Started in 2015 by IOHK
- Use case : End to end tracking, low cost
- Partnership : Coti , makes payment in 35 different fiats using ADA, and New balance Shoe is using it to stop counterfeit shoes, Store degree and certificates.
1.2.3) IOST : PoB : 100K TPS , trying to defeat ETH 1.0, exit as ETH 2.0 may kill it.
- Using Sharding - EDS : Price prediction 2 bucks, 21B max supply.
- BFT
- Use case Gaming, Gambling, E comm, File Storage, Cloud Computing, Online Advertising
- Exploring DeFi Space.
1.2.4) EOS : Open Source : Delegated POS, Theoretical Max limit of 4000 TPS
- Support Smart Contracts, Unlimited TPS
- Started 2017
- Use case : Interoperability , Supply Chain, Health Care,
- Enterprise focus and regulatory compliance, 5% inflation based model with no Max supply.
- Browser based IDE, supports Java, Swift.
1.2.5) Elrond: ERD :Decentralized : POS : BFT
- Adaptive Sharding, supports Smart contract
- Real 260K TPS on Main net.
- Elrond VM supports C,C++,C#
- Will move to eGLD which is native token . 20 Million eGLD Max
- 20 Bil Max ERD
- Use Case:
1.2.6) TRON:TRX : POS . started in 2017
- Decentralized the web
- has TRX10 and TRX20 ~= of ERC20 of Ether
- Bittorrent Token is TRX10
- USDT is issued on Tron
- Smart Contracts,
- 2000 TPS
- supports variety of Programming language like Java and Python
- Acquired BitTorrent
- Easy to develop per developers.
- Spent Lot on marketing,
- Dominated in Gambling market, lot of Gambling DAPPS.
1.2.7) COSMOS : ATOM : Internet Of Block chain - April 2017
- Interoperability is the key,
- Decentralized BFT like Tendermint consensus.
- IBC inter block chain protocol.
- Any language for Dev.
- No Max supply, Dynamic inflation built 7 % to 20 %
- KAVA is built on this thus its interoperable.
- March 2019 Main net launch
- Team split happened and accusation within team.
1.2.8) VeChain: VET : P O Authority : Blockchain as service and IOT together.
- Created in 2015, 2017 ICO and 2018 Mainnet
- Scale upto 10K TPS
- Not fully decentralized as 101 Authority Nodes.
- To tackle Counterfeits, fake products.
- 87 Billion Max supply, of which 2.5 billion are staked on Authority node.
- Some other are staked in other nodes i.e. 21% of all supply is locked currently Jul 2020.
- PWC, MyCare healthcare, MS, Renault
- Has supply chain management system.
- Food, clothing ,medicine,cars etc.
- Goods will have tag such as QR codes
1.2.9) Stellar : XLM (Lumen) 2014 ripple co-founder, confused with clone of ripple.
- Decentralized.
- PBFT :
- 100 Billion Max
- Money transfer at cheapest cost.
- Projects on Stellar : - Slice, Terno
- IBM partner ship,Delloit partner ship.
- USDT built on this chain recently
1.2.10) Zilliqa - ZIL - 21 Billion supply
- Zilliqa was the first public blockchain that effectively implemented sharding.
- With Zilliqa’s approach, there could theoretically be no limit on the number of transactions processed per second
- Throughput increases with every 600 nodes on network, at around million nodes there would be no further increase in TPS.
- Zilliqa uses a hybrid consensus mechanism consisting of proof of work(For Identity) and Byzantine(for consensus ) fault tolerance.
- Jan 2019 Mainnet go live.
- 2 minutes block time.
- many other projects including Eth 2.0 is also implementing Sharding.
1.2.11) Polkadot - DOT
Similar to what Atom is doing and what Eth 2.0 is trying to achieve.
Total Supply 10 Million initially but voters voted on chain with 86% majority to increase the supply to 1 billion.
No Capped max supply, its 10% inflationary
Staking/Bonding/Fee/On Chain Governance is deflationary.
Parachain auction in Q1 of 2021
hey are a next-generation blockchain protocol that unites an entire network of purpose-built blockchains, allowing them to operate seamlessly together at scale. Basically, it's a multi-chain framework platform that is designed to offer interoperability and scalability solutions for those blockchains that are built on it.
- Interoperability and scale-able
- Network of block chains, sharded block chains
- Governance Inbuilt On-Chain
Polkdot Consensus On the polkadot network, we have 4 distinct roles that manage the state of the blockchain. These are the Validators, the Collators, the Nominators and the Fisherman. Nominators are basically tasked with selecting the validators on the network. They will have to stake DOT in order to be a nominator. Validators are the nodes that secure the relay chain. This is done by staking the DOT. Collators maintain the transactional state in the individual shards and then the fisherman are tasked with reporting bad behaviour to the validators. In terms of the consensus mechanism, Polkadot have a unique mechanism that is called GRANDPA. It's a proof-of-stake consensus mechanism.
Some Projects on Polkadot ecosystem
Kusama (KSM)
Phallan Network (PHA)
SORA XOR
ChainX PCX
RING
ChainLink
1.3) ----------------------DAG based Framework/Solutions------------
Scale-able
DAG gets faster when more transactions happen or its just more applicable to IOTA
Storage : Currently Block chain is of around 150GB of size in Late 2017, and full chain is required to add new transactions to the chain, where as DAGs are light weight.
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1.3.1) Hydra Hash graph : - POS : DAG based DLT tech - 10000+ TPS ; regulation framework supported; EFTPOS using this framework, DLT which is Centralized but has governance council with all big techs involved that you can think off.
1.3.2) IOTA : POS . Internet of Things. DAG based Open source ledger(DLT ) called Tangled(Centralized by Cooh but will be decentralized in future by replacing cooh with codecide ), which is decentralized, will always remain fee less but instead paying buy providing there computing power. Its order less, good for performance, It doesn't care about the order of transaction which could be good thing or bad thing depending on use case.(Confirm this understanding)
Multi Transaction.(Transactions could be clubbed in 1 single transactions )
2 Billion supply - fixed supply.Numerous partner, with govt. wolkswagon, MSoft , Bosh ,Fujitsu, Accenture. Issues : HashCollision, some hack. Unlimited Number of transactions
Applications are IOT , smart city sensor, connected cars.
1.4) -----------------Layer 2 scaling solutions----------------------
As ETH gets expensive and slow, layer 2 solutions are to rescue
1.4.1) Matic now Polygon : MTC
Max Supply of 10 Billion :
Based on white paper written by vatalik on scalling issues.
Funded by Binance Launchpad
May 2020 Mainet live.
POS
Its Blockchain agnostic and can work on any blockchain
Tindermint consensus algo same as cosmos
achieve up 7K to 10K tps on a single side chain , use more chains for horizontal scaling to upto million of tps.
1 million transactions cost just 1 dollar in fee.
dagger is an app built on matic which allows notifications to be sent and have various use cases.
Working with Decentraland.
Maker DAI token is the first stable coin on Matic network
Circle's USDC stable coins also on their network
Chain link price feed on Matic
Aavegotchi an game built by AAVE is being built on Matic
1.4.2) Loopring : LRC
Makes building Dex easier.
released in 2017
less than a cent in order execute a trade.
Partnered with Chain link
zkRoll(Zero Knowledge roolup) up :can bundle upto 4K transactions
2) ***************Various DAPPS*************
Blockchain egnostic DAPPS
2.1) Litentry : LIT - Digital Identity dID's
Built on substrate, thus is natively compatible with Polkadot
Cross chain identity management .
very useful for DeFi for lending.
5% inflation rate.
DAPPS on Etherium Network
2.2) ----------Oracle solutions DAPPS
Oracle solutions help BlockChains to interact with outside world.
2.2.1) ChainLink : Link is #1 Oracle solution so far,Decentralized , Built On Ether
2.2.2) Band Protocol : Band is built on Cosmos, 100Mill Band Max
2.2.3) Graph : GRT - Decentralized Data Indexing protocol for Etherium. 10 Billion Supply
Inflation Rate of 3% pa.
1% of fee earned is burnt, withdrawal tax is also burnt.
Depending in adoption and amount of queries on the network this may become a deflationary coin
Its called Google of Block Chain.
For any decentralized application to work it needs
On-Chain data -
Off- Chain Data - like price feed from decentralized Chain Link
Data Storage - like decentralized file storage solutions like File Coin and Sia Coin and storj
Currently all the data required by dApp are stored/persisted on Chain and is not using any decentralized data storage protocols.
It has sub graphs per dApp on etherium Block Chain
already in use by UniSwap,Synthatix,Decentraland. balancer
3K subgraphs so far in Dec 2020 and is process in .5 billion queries per day.
eventually will expand to other block chains.
Indexer stakes minimum ~100K per subgraph
2.3)-----------DeFi DAPPS
2.3.1) KAVA : Built on COSMOS ,
DeFi Platform, Decentralized, USDX pegged to dollar.
Kava is a cross-chain DeFi platform which offers stablecoins and lending services to the holders of major cryptocurrencies. In a nutshell, Kava is all about opening up access to liquidity for various cryptocurrencies and doing that in a decentralized way.
Yes, Maker and Compound do a similar sort of thing on Ethereum. However, Kava is looking to extend that DeFi goodness to non-ERC-20/ETH assets and bring that to other blockchains.
Maker can only accept ETH or any ERC 20 token but nothig outside of it as it lacks Etherium lacks interoperability
💧 How To Get That Liquidity? 💧
Simply send your crypto collateral to Kava’s platform. It will then be escrowed in a smart contract and USDX stablecoins will be minted and can be used for anything. These are over-collateralized loans.
2.3.2) LEND:AAVE
2.4) Other Apps
2.4.1) STEEM : Steem a Blogging app
2.4.2) SHA : Built on VeChain block chain : 8.5 Billion Supply : 3.5 Billion Staked.
Digital Asset inheritance and safe keeping solution.
It is deflationary.
Where would the demand come from ?
You need 10K SHA tokens to make an Inheritance Plan on SHA network
Working on making SHA as multi chain ... will we building on Etherium Blockchain as well.
WebSite : https://safehaven.io/
APPS on Polkadot Network
kusama - KSM
Acala - Coin not out yet - DeFi
Acala Network is the financial hub of Polkadot and its research focuses on decentralized finance protocol and mechanism design, parachain economic modelling and governance. By providing key financial primitives including decentralized stablecoin, staking derivatives and DeX, Acala Network powers cross-blockchain open finance (DeFi) applications on Polkadot and beyond. The project aims to issue Acala Dollar (aUSD) which is a decentralized stablecoin that allows users to send and receive USD across any blockchains connected to the Polkadot network. The project also designs to release staked assets (DOTs) as fungible & liquid assets (L-DOTs), extracting the derivative value of staked assets to fuel DeFi without sacrificing the security of the whole network. Acala Network is secured under Polkadot's shared security model, ensuring high resilience and forkless upgradability.
The decentralized network is governed entirely by Acala Network Token (ACA) holders to achieve a transparent future: a future based on more truth and less trust.
Phala Network (PHA) - Total supply 1,000,000,000
Phala Network is a privacy-preserving protocol for data-protection and blockchain smart contracts. Phala.Network guarantees the reliable execution of smart contracts while keeping the data secret. Confidential contracts run in miner nodes with Trusted Computing capable hardware, which guarantees the secrecy of the contract data.
ChainX (PCX) - Bridging bitcoin into the Polkadot network something similar to REN
and may get their own ParaChain on polkadot.
Sora (XOR)
Darwinia Network Native Token (RING)
BitTorrent : BTT - Seeder will be incentivized with btt token to keep file for longer.
Issued on Tron BlockChain, TRC10 token.
Bought by Justin Sun
3)****************Various Exchanges
X.1 )------------Centralized Exchanges
X.1.1) Binance : Native coin is BNB is Deflationary Token
Tokenomics :
X.1.2) Crypto.Com : Native coin is CRO replace by MCO
X.1.3) KuCoin : No Native coin yet
X.1.4) CoinSpot : Only supported in Australia So far : No Native Coin
X.2)--------------Decentralize Exchange
you could add liquidity to pools to earn some fee.
curve is better for stable coins
X.2.1) Uniswap : DeFI Dex : read more about it. It is Open Source
X.2.2) Curve :
X.2.3) Balancer
Energy Web Token : EWT : Warren Buffet Company has invested in it.
Anchor : ANKR
Chain Link - Will secure parachain on polkadot network as well.
BitTorrent : BTT
NANO : DAG based
Nimiq : Browser based, Native to the Web. could be used with just Web Browser.
POW - Transaction fee less then cent.
NIM Oasis - crypto to Fiat bridge . crypto payment solution.
German own Weg Bank partnership.
POS consensus algo is WIP expected speed 1K TPS
WIN-Wink - Blockchain gaming and social platform.
Gaming , was called Tron Bet - 999 Billion Supply
Some more notes
Price Analysis
if Band is to match Link MC, then its price should be 30.9 = 5x Retrun
if DIA is to match Link MC, then its Price should be 15.47 =12x return
BitCoin TPS 7
Eth 1.0 TPS 25 and 1 Block per 15 sec
Neo TPS 10K
Visa TPS 55K
TRON 2000 TPS and 3 Blocks per Second
**Not a financial advice**
**DYOR**
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